8.1 Quality Planning

Introduction

Quality planning involves identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them. It should be performed in parallel with other project planning processes.

8.1.1 Inputs

  1. Quality policy
  2. Scope statement
  3. Product description
  4. Standards and regulations
  5. Other process outputs

8.1.2 Tools & Techniques

  1. Benefit/cost analysis
  2. Benchmarking
  3. Flowcharting
  4. Design of experiments

8.1.3 Outputs

  1. Quality management plan
  2. Operational definitions
  3. Checklists
  4. Inputs to other processes

 

 

 

 

 


8.1.1 Quality Planning - Inputs

8.1.1.1 Quality policy

Quality policy
"the overall intentions and direction of an organisation with regard to quality, as formally expressed by top management"

The quality policy of the performing organization can often "as is" for use by the project.

Stakeholders should be made aware of the quality policy.

 

8.1.1.4 Standards and regulations

Refer standards and regulations.

 

8.1.1.5 Other process outputs

In addition to the scope statement and product description, processes in other knowledge areas may produce outputs which must be considered, eg procurement planning may identify contractor quality requirements.

 

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8.1.2 Quality Planning - Tools and techniques

8.1.2.1 Benefit/cost analysis

The quality plan must consider benefit/costs of various trade-offs. Better quality = less rework, higher productivity, lower costs and increased stakeholder satisfaction.

 

8.1.2.2 Benchmarking

Benchmarking involves comparing actual or planned project practices to those of other projects in order to generate ideas for improvement and to provide a standard by which to measure performance.

 

8.1.2.3 Flowcharting

A flowchart is any diagram which shows how various elements of a system relate. Examples include cause-and-effect (Ishikawa or fishbone) diagrams and system or process flowcharts.

 

8.1.2.3 Design of experiments

This is an analytical technique which helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome. It is most frequently applied to product of project issues eg which combination of suspension and tires will produce the best ride at a reasonable cost. In project management this can be applied to resolve cost and schedule trade-off issues.

 

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8.1.3 Quality Planning - Outputs

8.1.3.1 Quality management plan

The quality management plan should describe how the project management team will implement its quality policy and describe the quality system.

ISO9000 definition of quality system:
"the organizational structure, reponsibilities, procedures, processes and resources needed to imlement quality management"

 

8.1.3.2 Operational definitions (metrics)

This describes what something is and how it is measured by the quality process. For example, it is not enough to say that meeting the planned schedule dates is a measure of management quality; the project management team must also indicate whether every activity must start on time or only finish on time, whether individual activities will be measured or only certain deliverables, and if so, which ones.

 

8.1.3.3 Checklists

A checklist is a structured tool, usually industry or activity specific, used to verify that a set of required steps has been performed.

 

8.1.3.4 Inputs to other processes

Other areas requiring quality planning activity.

 

 

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